Caloria indica (Bergh, 1896)

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This species has been observed on Réunion, Mayotte and Madagascar Islands


Order : Nudibranchia
Suborder : Dexiarchia
Superfamily : Aeolidioidea
Family : Facelinidae
Distribution : Throughout the tropical Indo-West Pacific
Maximal size : 35 mm
Abundance : (May) Seldom if ever on the fore reef zone


Species characteristics :

The translucent to translucent-orange body has a median longitudinal white line which branchs between the rhinophores, running to the oral tentacles of the orange head.

The fusiform cerata are banded with orange, dark blue, and yellow and have white tips.

Caloria indica
Showing species characteristics...

Photo Yann Oulia
Reunion, Etang salé, Petit tombant, 15m, 7 November 2010.

See more about : Sightening and mating periods

Remarks :

Identification confirmed by Nathalie Yonow
    Some specialist like Rudman, Willan, Debelius use the genus Phidiana for indica et al. following Miller's papers, other like Gosliner use the genus Caloria
    Synonymous : (according Worms)
               - Learchis indica Bergh, 1896
               - Phidiana indica (Bergh, 1896)

Bibliographic data :

In some cerata we can see the black digestive gland duct with the characteristic colours. In other there is a very narrow diffuse line of white between the blue and yellow.
    In some specimen, the head is a deep red orange with a white line running from a ring around the base of each oral tentacle : it widens before turning a right angle and heading posteriorly to the base of the rhinophores where it meets and continues as a single line to the pericardium
    The smooth and slender rhinophores are suffused with orange basally and lemon yellow distally or in other specimen orange tips and white medial bands
    The head has very long and slender oral tentacles which are mostly white with a yellow band. In other specimen the basal third is transparent to translucent mauve, there is a yellow central ring and the tip is white.
    The foot is paler, almost white.
    The anterior foot corners are enlarge into pointed tentacle, and thus prominent. They have yellow pigmentation dorsally
    Caloria indica is a hydroid feeder, but it is often seen crawling over other colonial animals such as sponges and corals and also over sea weeds. ). If feeds on hydroids : Pennaria disticha, Salacia tetracythara, Eudendrium sp...
    Also placed in the genera Learchis , Phidiana , Hervia and Facelina by various authors. The correct generic placing cannot be resolved at present.
    There are two similar species Caloria indica (also name as Phidiana indica ) et P. militaris. But one easy way to distinguish these two species is that in C. indica the head is orange with white lines while in P. militaris it is white with orange lines.
    This species looks like Caloria sp. 1 and Caloria sp. 2 :

 

Caloria indica

Caloria sp. 1

Caloria sp. 2

Rhinophores structure

Smooth and slender rhinophores

Rhinophores translucent white with 2-3 oblique annulae

Smooth and slender rhinophores

Body coloration pattern

 

The translucent to translucent-orange body has a median longitudinal white line which branchs between the rhinophores, running to the oral tentacles of the orange head

Body orange to reddish with a line of opaque white patches on the medial portion of the notum

 

Body entirely pale translucent orange.

 

References :

Bill Rudman Seaslug site : Sea Slug Forum : Phidiana indica
   Nudipixel Phidiana indica

Publications :

Bergh, L.S.R. (1896). Eolidiens d'Amboine. Voyage de MM. M. Bedot et C. Pictet dans l'Archipel Malais. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 4 : 385-394, Pl. 16.
    Rudman,W.B., 1980: Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 68(2): 139-172

Other photos of Caloria indica :


Alain-Benoît Rassat

Madagascar, Nosy bé, Ptérois, 10 m, 2 May 2013, size : 40 mm

In this specimen, the smooth and slender rhinophores are suffused with orange basally and lemon yellow distally


Photo Freddy Fuentes and Nathalie Geffriaud
Mayotte, Passe en S, 18 m, 16 June 2006, size : 40 mm

There is a very heavily pigmented specimen

The fusiform cerata are banded with orange (a), dark blue (b), and yellow (c) and have white tips.(d)


Olivier Police

Mayotte, "les piscines naturelles" des Badamiers, 1 m, 30 January 2010, size : 15 mm

In this specimen, the smooth and slender rhinophores have orange tips a) and white medial bands (b)


Fabrice Schubert

Mayotte, Sakouli, 14 m, 1 octobre 2009, taille : 10-20 mm

The translucent to translucent-orange body has a median longitudinal white line which branchs between the rhinophores(a), running to the oral tentacles of the orange head.

In this specimen, the smooth and slender rhinophores are suffused with orange basally (b) and lemon yellow distally


Isabelle Ruffin

Réunion, Sec Jaune, 12 m, 5 April 2010, size : 20-25 mm, 4 specimens observed on this dive...

In this specimen, the smooth and slender rhinophores have orange tip (a) , white medial band (b) and then orange basally (c)


 More photos from Indian Ocean

Reunion, Caloria indica with the black digestive gland duct, at La Possession, by Sully Bachel

Reunion, Caloria indica with orange tips on the rhinophores, at Etang salé, by Yann Oulia